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44.6 MW Natural Gas Steam Turbine (12 MW) + Wood/Wood Waste Biomass (33 MW) operating in Outagamie, WI
44.6 MW
Nameplate Capacity
4
Generators
units
Hybrid (2)
Technology
Natural Gas Steam Turbine + Wood/Wood Waste Biomass
1951
Operating Since
Coordinates
44.2826, -88.2534
County
Outagamie, WI
Nearby Plants
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Owner data does not fully agree across sources.
EIA typically reports the operating utility, while GEM resolves to the financial owner or parent corporation. Both can be correct.
| Field | EIA | GEM | Wikidata |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | Thilmany LLC | Packaging Dynamics Corp | — |
| Owner(s) | Thilmany LLC | Apollo Global Management | — |
| Status | Operating | operating | — |
The Kaukauna Paper Mill is a 44.6 MW hybrid power plant located in Outagamie County, Wisconsin. The plant began operating in 1951 and is owned by Apollo Global Management, with Thilmany LLC as the listed operator per EIA data. The facility utilizes both natural gas steam turbines and wood/wood waste biomass as fuel sources, with the primary fuel listed as BLQ (Black Liquor). It consists of four generators.
The plant operates within the Midcontinent Independent Transmission System Operator (MISO) balancing authority and the MRO NERC region. In the most recent year of reported data, the Kaukauna Paper Mill generated 100,593 MWh of electricity, achieving a capacity factor of 25.8%. According to available rankings, this is the only BLQ power plant in the state of Wisconsin, and the 54th largest in the country.
Generated from EIA, GEM, and public data sources
ISO/RTO
MISO
Market
ISO/RTO Member
NERC Region
MRO — Midwest Reliability Organization
Balancing Authority
Midcontinent Independent Transmission System Operator, Inc.. (MISO)
Grid Voltage
34.5 kV
Regulatory Status
NR — Non-Regulated
Entity Type
Industrial
Sector
Industrial CHP
Monthly net generation as reported to EIA-923 — useful for historical context. Confidence varies sharply by fuel type; the band above and the “About this data” button explain the caveats specific to this plant and how InfraSure’s in-house model handles them.
7.4K MWh
Latest Month
100.6K MWh
Annual Generation
25.8%
Capacity Factor
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CO₂ Intensity
268 lb/MWh
NOx
2 lb/MWh
SO₂
2 lb/MWh
CH₄
0.029 lb/MWh
N₂O
0.017 lb/MWh
Capacity Factor
29.1%
Annual Net Gen
114 GWh
CO₂eq
273 lb/MWh
Subregion
RFC West
2013
$3,495/kW
Est. Construction Cost
Total estimated cost: $155.9M
Forward revenue, DSCR bands, and refinancing risk projected under price, demand, and policy scenarios. Powered by InfraSure's asset cashflow stack.
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Point of Interconnection
Nearest Substation
Thilmany Elm Reg
Substation Distance
1.203 km
Coord Source
OSM spatial
Market Position
ISO/RTO Market
MISO
LMP Node
WEC.KAC_ISPP
Pricing Hub
MICHIGAN.HUB
Location Type
Generation Node
Node Source
Curated node match
No wholesale contracts disclosed in FERC EQR for this plant.
FERC EQR captures bilateral wholesale energy + capacity contracts ≥$1M/yr filed quarterly by jurisdictional sellers — covers renewable PPAs, thermal energy sales agreements, capacity contracts, and tolling agreements alike. Many plants don't appear: regulated-utility output flows to ratepayers via cost-of-service rather than bilateral contracts; small projects fall below the filing threshold; tax-equity-financed renewables route offtake to investors not utilities; merchant plants sell into ISO clearing markets without bilateral contracts. News-extracted buyer facts (below) may surface contracts disclosed only through announcements.
Last updated 2026-03-26
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